Small not-for-profit organizations at risk of losing their tax exemption because of their failure to file the Form 990-N or Form 990-EZ for the 2007, 2008, and 2009 taxable years can preserve their status by filing these returns by October 15, 2010. The IRS announced yesterday a one-time relief program for these organizations that will give them a “pass” until October 15, 2010.
Two types of relief are available for small exempt organizations — a filing extension for the smallest organizations required to file Form 990-N and a voluntary compliance program (“VCP”) for small organizations eligible to file Form 990-EZ.
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It is essential that all public charities understand the basic rules surrounding their exemption. Indeed, achieving tax-exempt status is only half the battle – once an organization has established that it is tax-exempt, it must set up the proper checks to ensure that it meets ongoing compliance obligations. Plainly, certain activities can jeopardize an organization’s tax-exempt status or subject it to penalties. Because the IRS revised its Compliance Guide for Public Charities and we are in such a highly regulatory environment, we thought it would be helpful to discuss some of the basic rules surrounding tax exemption.
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When we last blogged about the “seemingly innocuous five line tax benefit” in Section 107 of the Internal Revenue Code, a District Court judge in California was reviewing a complaint filed by the Freedom From Religion Foundation, a nonprofit membership organization challenging this 90 year old provision.
Eight years after President Bush signed the new law on May 20, 2002, Judge Shubb of the Eastern District of California (on May 21, 2010) declined to dismiss the latest challenge to the parsonage exemption. A finding of unconstitutionality can cost clergy billions of dollars in tax over the next few years. This burden would likely be passed on to the religious institutions that employ clergy.
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The deadline for filing the Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR) by U.S. persons that held a financial interest in a foreign financial account for calendar year 2009 if the aggregate value of all the U.S. person’s foreign financial accounts exceeded $10,000 at any time during the year is almost here — all FBAR filings must be received by the U.S. Department of Treasury on June 30, 2010 (not just postmarked by such date). There are no extensions and the failure to file an FBAR can result in significant penalties.
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A majority staff director for the Senate Finance Committee said that perhaps it might be time to consider the tax liability for an entity that is neither wholly charitable nor wholly for-profit. In fact, the director said that the Senate Finance Committee wrestled with the problem of a quasi-charitable entity in enacting the health care legislation, and said that the tax treatment of not-for-profit organizations might be revisited further in the tax reform context.
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Many health care and medical education institutions have claims pending with the IRS for refunds of the FICA (Social Security and Medicare) tax paid on wages for employed medical residents. The issue for these claims is whether the residents are “students,” and their wages accordingly exempt from FICA tax, for purposes of the student FICA exception in the Internal Revenue Code.
Last summer, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals held that this regulation was valid in the Mayo Foundation for Medical Research and Education and the University of Minnesota cases. These institutions petitioned the Supreme Court for certiorari. Yesterday, the United States Supreme Court granted the certiorari petition and will hear the appeal.
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Massachusetts’s new data security regulations, effective March 1, 2010, currently set forth the country’s most stringent requirements for protecting data. Extending beyond what is required by other states, Massachusetts specifies that, for example, covered entities, including exempt organizations, must implement a written information security program and must encrypt personal information that will be transmitted over the Internet, or that is kept on laptops and other portable devices. Out-of-state exempt organizations working with Massachusetts residents should determine whether they have to comply with these new regulations.
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In an interesting recent decision, International Schools Services Inc. v. West Windsor Township, N.J., the New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division ruled that a not-for-profit organization whose purposes were to aid, promote and encourage educational organizations should lose its property tax exemption because its operation and use of the property was conducted for profit. This decision should make not-for-profits with affiliated for-profits or an ongoing working relationship with for-profits carefully scrutinize their activities with these for-profit entities.
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In a recent New York County Supreme Court opinion, Empire 33rd LLC v. Forward Ass’n Inc., the court ruled in favor of the defendant charities to dismiss the plaintiff’s complaint demanding the return of payments under an agreement in which it alleged defendants lacked the “required approvals and consents required by law” to execute. The court found that the proposed sale of property by the defendant charities was duly authorized by the NY Supreme Court, as Section 203 of the New York Not-for-Profit Corporation Law (“NPCL”) requires.
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